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Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing | Volume 5 | Issue 4 | Technical Brief
Technical Brief

Development and Evaluation of Flame-Assisted Dual Velocity Nanoparticle Coating System

[+] Author and Article Information
Maxym V. Rukosuyev, Syed Ali Baqar

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
University of Victoria,
Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada

Martin B. G. Jun

School of Mechanical Engineering,
Purdue University,
West Lafayette, IN 47906

Contributed by the Manufacturing Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF MICRO- AND NANO-MANUFACTURING. Manuscript received October 15, 2016; final manuscript received June 14, 2017; published online September 28, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Cheryl Xu.

J. Micro Nano-Manuf 5(4), 044501 (Sep 28, 2017) (5 pages) Paper No: JMNM-16-1062; doi: 10.1115/1.4037473 History: Received October 15, 2016; Revised June 14, 2017
Article
References
Figures

The importance of coatings in modern science and industry is great, and the system presented in this manuscript attempts to provide a method of creating high quality nanoparticle coatings with in situ sintering of nanoparticles. Dual regime nozzle creates close to optimum conditions for particle delivery and deposition and the addition of in situ thermally assisted coating makes it more productive. Preliminary results show systems uniform coating and in situ sintering capability.
FIGURES IN THIS ARTICLE
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References

1
Lien, D.-H. , Kao, Z.-K. , Huang, T.-H. , Liao, Y.-C. , Lee, S.-C. , and He, J.-H. , 2014, “ All-Printed Paper Memory,” ACS Nano, 8(8), pp. 7613–7619. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2
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Janković, A. , Eraković, S. , Vukašinović-Sekulić, M. , Mišković-Stanković, V. , Park, S. J. , and Rhee, K. Y. , 2015, “ Graphene-Based Antibacterial Composite Coatings Electrodeposited on Titanium for Biomedical Applications,” Prog. Org. Coat., 83, pp. 1–10. [CrossRef]
4
Simon, J. C. , Sapozhnikov, O. A. , Khokhlova, V. A. , Crum, L. A. , and Bailey, M. R. , 2015, “ Ultrasonic Atomization of Liquids in Drop-Chain Acoustic Fountains,” J. Fluid Mech., 766, pp. 129–146. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Bourgeat-Lami, E. , and Lang, J. , 1998, “ Encapsulation of Inorganic Particles by Dispersion Polymerization in Polar Media: 1. Silica Nanoparticles Encapsulated by Polystyrene,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 197(2), pp. 293–308. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6
Nelson, G. M. , Nychka, J. A. , and McDonald, A. G. , 2011, “ Flame Spray Deposition of Titanium Alloy-Bioactive Glass Composite Coatings,” J. Therm. Spray Technol., 20(6), pp. 1339–1351. [CrossRef]
7
Sainz, M. A. , Osendi, M. I. , and Miranzo, P. , 2008, “ Protective Si–Al–O–Y Glass Coatings on Stainless Steel In Situ Prepared by Combustion Flame Spraying,” Surf. Coat. Technol., 202(9), pp. 1712–1717. [CrossRef]
8
Bartuli, C. , Valente, T. , and Tului, M. , 2002, “ Plasma Spray Deposition and High Temperature Characterization of ZrB2–SiC Protective Coatings,” Surf. Coat. Technol., 155(2–3), pp. 260–273. [CrossRef]
9
Ermakov, S. S. , and Shmakov, A. M. , 1986, “ Flame-Spray Deposition of Coatings on Sintered Materials—Part 1,” Sov. Powder Metall. Met. Ceram., 25(3), pp. 191–194. [CrossRef]
10
Song, J. , Gunst, U. , Arlinghaus, H. F. , and Vancso, G. J. , 2007, “ Flame Treatment of Low-Density Polyethylene: Surface Chemistry Across the Length Scales,” Appl. Surf. Sci., 253(24), pp. 9489–9499. [CrossRef]
11
Bayer, I. S. , Davis, A. J. , and Biswas, A. , 2014, “ Robust Superhydrophobic Surfaces From Small Diffusion Flame Treatment of Hydrophobic Polymers,” RSC Adv., 4(1), pp. 264–268. [CrossRef]
12
Bayer, I. S. , Steele, A. , and Loth, E. , 2013, “ Superhydrophobic and Electroconductive Carbon Nanotube-Fluorinated Acrylic Copolymer Nanocomposites From Emulsions,” Chem. Eng. J., 221, pp. 522–530. [CrossRef]
13
Naha, S. , Sen, S. , and Puri, I. K. , 2007, “ Flame Synthesis of Superhydrophobic Amorphous Carbon Surfaces,” Carbon, 45(8), pp. 1702–1706. [CrossRef]
14
Gadow, R. , Killinger, A. , and Rauch, J. , 2008, “ Introduction to High-Velocity Suspension Flame Spraying (HVSFS),” J. Therm. Spray Technol., 17(5), pp. 655–661. [CrossRef]
15
Yao, J. , He, Y. , Wang, D. , Peng, H. , Guo, H. , and Gong, S. , 2014, “ Thermal Barrier Coating Bonded by (Al2O3–Y2O3)/(Y2O3-Stabilized ZrO2) Laminated Composite Coating Prepared by Two-Step Cyclic Spray Pyrolysis,” Corros. Sci., 80, pp. 37–45. [CrossRef]
16
Poirier, T. , Vardelle, A. , Elchinger, M. F. , Vardelle, M. , Grimaud, A. , and Vesteghem, H. , 2003, “ Deposition of Nanoparticle Suspensions by Aerosol Flame Spraying: Model of the Spray and Impact Processes,” J. Therm. Spray Technol., 12(3), pp. 393–402. [CrossRef]
17
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18
Stow, C. D. , and Hadfield, M. G. , 1981, “ An Experimental Investigation of Fluid Flow Resulting From the Impact of a Water Drop With an Unyielding Dry Surface,” Proc. R. Soc. London A: Math., Phys. Eng. Sci., 373(1755), pp. 419–441. [CrossRef]

Figures

Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 1

System schematics

+System schematics
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System schematics
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 2

Exit jet: center tube out (left) and center tube flash with nozzle exit (right)

+Exit jet: center tube out (left) and center tube flash with nozzle exit (right)
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Exit jet: center tube out (left) and center tube flash with nozzle exit (right)
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 3

Gas flow schematic

+Gas flow schematic
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Gas flow schematic
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 4

Low temperature demo on the nozzle

+Low temperature demo on the nozzle
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Low temperature demo on the nozzle
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 5

Coating on glass (“flamed” left, “cold” right)

+Coating on glass (“flamed” left, “cold” right)
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Coating on glass (“flamed” left, “cold” right)
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 6

Coating on aluminum (“flamed” left, “cold” right)

+Coating on aluminum (“flamed” left, “cold” right)
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Coating on aluminum (“flamed” left, “cold” right)
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 7

“Cold” sample at 5000× magnification

+“Cold” sample at 5000× magnification
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“Cold” sample at 5000× magnification
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 8

“Flamed” sample at 5000× magnification

+“Flamed” sample at 5000× magnification
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“Flamed” sample at 5000× magnification
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 9

Teflon surface before treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)

+Teflon surface before treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)
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Teflon surface before treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 10

Teflon surface after treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)

+Teflon surface after treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)
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Teflon surface after treatment (optical microscope image using 100× magnification objective lens)
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 11

CA measurement on base Teflon

+CA measurement on base Teflon
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CA measurement on base Teflon
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 12

CA measurement on nanoparticle treated surface

+CA measurement on nanoparticle treated surface
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CA measurement on nanoparticle treated surface
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 13

CA comparison of “cold” and “hot” coated samples

+CA comparison of “cold” and “hot” coated samples
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CA comparison of “cold” and “hot” coated samples
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 14

Light transmission for coated and uncoated glass samples

+Light transmission for coated and uncoated glass samples
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Light transmission for coated and uncoated glass samples

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