Effects of hydrodynamic shear on the shape of the endothelial surface are examined based on evaluations of the rate of entropy generation at the cell surface. A linear solution of the flow over a sinusoidally varying endothelial surface is used to evaluate the entropy generation rate on the cell surface for which measured cell dimensions are available. Both the local rate of entropy generation (equivalent to the rate of energy dissipation by viscous shear) at the peak of a cell and the total entropy generation rate over the cell surface are minimized under conditions of a constant cell surface area and a constant cell peak height; which yields horizontal cell dimensions that are close to those obtained experimentally.

1.
Kamm
,
R. D.
,
2002
,
Cellular Fluid Mechanics
.
Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
,
34
,
211
232
.
2.
Sakurai
,
A.
,
Nakano
,
A.
,
Yamaguchi
,
T.
,
Masuda
,
M.
, and
Fujiwara
,
K.
,
1991
,
A computational fluid mechanics study of flow over cultured endothelial cells
.
Adv. Bioeng.
,
20
,
299
302
.
3.
Yamaguchi
,
T.
,
Hoshiai
,
K.
,
Okino
,
H.
,
Kakurai
,
A.
, and
Hana
,
S.
,
1993
,
Shear stress distribution over confluently cultured endothelial cells studied by computational fluid mechanics
.
Adv. Bioeng.
,
20
,
167
170
.
4.
Satcher
, Jr.,
R. L.
,
Bussolari
,
S. R.
,
Gimbrone
, Jr.,
M. A.
, and
Dewey
, Jr.,
C. F.
,
1992
,
The distribution of fluid forces on model arterial endothelium using computational fluid dynamics
.
J. Biomech. Eng.
,
114
,
309
316
.
5.
Barbee
,
K. A.
,
Davies
,
P. F.
, and
Lal
,
R.
,
1994
,
Shear stress-induced reorganization of the surface topography of living endothelial cells imaged by atomic force microscopy
.
Circ. Res.
,
74
,
163
171
.
6.
Gaver
,
D. P.
, and
Kute
,
S. M.
,
1998
,
A theoretical model study of the influence of fluid stresses on a cell adhering to a microchannel wall
.
Biophys. J.
,
75
,
721
733
.
7.
Stamatas
,
G. N.
, and
McIntire
,
L. V.
,
2001
,
Rapid flow-induced responses in endothelial cells
.
Biotechnol. Prog.
,
17
,
383
402
.
8.
Bejan, A., 1982, Entropy Generation Through Heat and Fluid Flow. John Wiley and Sons.
9.
Narusawa
,
U.
,
1999
,
The second law analysis of convective pattern change in a rectangular cavity
.
J. Fluid Mech.
,
392
,
361
377
.
10.
Davies
,
P. F.
,
1995
,
Flow-Mediated Endothelial Mechanotransduction
.
Physiol. Rev.
,
75
,
519
560
.
11.
Pries
,
A. R.
,
Secomb
,
T. W.
, and
Gaehtgens
,
P.
,
2000
,
The endothelial surface layer
.
Eur. J. Physiol.
,
440
,
653
666
.
12.
Pries
,
A. R.
,
Secomb
,
T. W.
,
Jacobs
,
H.
,
Sperandio
,
M.
,
Osterloh
,
K.
, and
Gaehtgens
,
P.
,
1997
,
Microvascular blood flow resistance: role of endothelial surface layer
.
Am. J. Physiol.
,
273
,
H2272–H2279
H2272–H2279
.
You do not currently have access to this content.