... during measurements. Shear modulus was measured at the superficial and deeper layers of the multifidus. Repeatability and possible sources of error of the shear modulus measurements were analyzed. Multifidus shear modulus (median (interquartile range)) increased from prone, i.e., 16.15 (6.69) kPa...

... to the cartilage stiffness (shear modulus) and proteoglycan (GAG) content. Further evaluation of the relationship between altered mechanical loading and early degenerative changes in whole joints will help to further elucidate the mechanical etiology of osteoarthritis. Interestingly, we found a strong...

... in this study are labeled. Using a linear viscoelastic framework, a time-dependent shear modulus was fit to the load and displacement history using a Boltzmann hereditary integral [( 23 ), 24 ]: 1 P ( t ) = 4 R 1 − ν ∫ 0 t G ( t − τ ) ( d δ d τ ) d...

... of an inertialess leaflet, we find that the maximum valve opening angle and the time that the valve remains closed increase as the shear modulus of the leaflet decreases. More importantly, the regurgitant volume decreases with decreasing shear modulus. When we examined the forces exerted on the leaflet, we found...

... to ensure stability of the results. The proposed method does not use any specific assumptions about the microgeometry of bone. The approach does not rely on correlation analysis, it uses analytical relationships. For validation purposes, complex shear modulus over a range of frequencies was calculated...

... modulus of 128 MPa , and shear modulus of 43 MPa , subjected to a point force. The clamped-immovable membrane, BC 1 50 nm membrane, had an error in the deformation calculation of about 18% (Fig. 4 ) and an error in von Mises edge stress ranging from 0.00% to 1.49% (Fig...

... compression and shear, and determined correlations between viscoelasticity and biochemical composition. 21 02 2007 14 09 2007 15 09 2008 biochemistry biomechanics bone cellular biophysics compressive strength gels shear modulus tissue engineering viscoelasticity tissue...

... studies demonstrate that this is not the case, as changes in the cartilage shear modulus of ± 50 % resulted in only ± 25 % and ± 10 % changes in peak and average contact pressures, respectively. Even with a 25% reduction, peak pressures predicted in this study were still...

... for the observed behavior of arterial segments under torsion. A Fung-type exponential strain-energy function was adapted to include a torsional shear strain term. The material parameter for this term was determined from previously published data describing the relationship between shear modulus and circumferential...

...Stefan M. Atay; Christopher D. Kroenke; Arash Sabet; Philip V. Bayly In this study, the magnetic resonance (MR) elastography technique was used to estimate the dynamic shear modulus of mouse brain tissue in vivo. The technique allows visualization and measurement of mechanical shear waves excited...

... ( 38 ). biological tissues biomechanics fibre reinforced composites neurophysiology physiological models shear modulus The intervertebral disk, is made up of a nucleus, called the nucleus pulposus, which is composed of proteoglycans and type II collagen with a capacity to absorb...

... models shear modulus Young's modulus Scientists and clinicians have long been interested in the assessment of the mechanical behavior of human whole bones. The general impetus has been twofold, namely to understand the various geometric and material factors that affect gross mechanical behavior...

... frame to ensure that measurements are taken prior to rigor mortis effects ( 17 18 ). Determination of 60 s data capture periods may result in some small overestimation of the long-term (asymptotic) shear modulus, due to approximation of the point at which the stress relaxation test is ended...

... biomechanics compressive testing neurophysiology orthopaedics shear modulus finite element analysis Two different mechanisms for onset of PS were recently recognized ( 10 ): (i) Superficial (mild) PS (types I, II) are caused by friction and shear stresses between the body and supports. The shearing...

... , P. , 1997 , “ Determination of Shear Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of Polymers and Foams by the Anticlastic Plate-Bending Method ,” Mater. Struct. , 30 , pp. 377 – 382 . Harrigan , T. P. , Jasty , M. , Mann , R. W. , and Harris , W. H. , 1988 , “ Limitations...

... ± 0.97 × 10 − 16 m 4 / N s ˙ s , r 2 = 0.95 ± 0.03 ) , the tensile modulus, compressive Poisson ratio, and radial permeability were obtained from unconfined compression ( E + Y = 12.75 ± 1.56 MPa, v − = 0.03 ± 0.01 , k r = 6.06 ± 2.10 × 10 − 16 m 4 / N s ˙ s , r 2 = 0.99 ± 0.00 ) , and the shear modulus...