...Jay Pandey; Murali Mohan Seepana Mechanically stable, proton-conducting, and very cost-effective nanocomposite membrane was synthesized successfully using a simple and scalable phase-inversion approach. Phosphotungstic acid (PWA) and zirconium phosphate (ZRP) were synthesized using sol–gel and co...

... and Nafion-CaO-ZrOH has the lowest free volume. Higher water sorption has the benefit of higher proton conductivity, since protons transfer mainly through water molecules. On the other hand, lower water uptake leads to lower methanol crossover and a lower swelling degree, which in turn causes membrane...

... of the imidization of SPAA and the crosslinking reactions of epoxy. The sulfonationity of the copolymers was regulated through a variation in the molar ratio of BDSA to diamine. These membranes owned a good thermal stability and exhibited high proton conductivity that was measured as a function of temperature...