Synthetic data were analyzed to determine the most cost-effective tomographic monitoring system for a geologic carbon sequestration injection site. Double-difference tomographic inversion was performed on 125 synthetic data sets: five stages of CO2 plume growth, five seismic event regions, and five geophone arrays. Each resulting velocity model was compared quantitatively to its respective synthetic velocity model to determine accuracy. The results were examined to determine a relationship between cost and accuracy in monitoring, verification, and accounting applications using double-difference-tomography. The geophone arrays with widely varying geophone locations, both laterally and vertically, performed best.
Issue Section:
Energy Systems Analysis
References
1.
IEA
, 2011
, CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
, IAE Statistics
.2.
Siegenthaler
, U.
, and Sarmiento
, J. L.
, 1993
, “Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and the Ocean
,” Nature
365
, pp. 119–125
.10.1038/365119a03.
Cohen
, S. M.
, Rochelle
, G. T.
, and Webber
, M. E.
, 2010
, “Turning CO2 Capture On and Off in Response to Electric Grid Demand: A Baseline Analysis of Emissions and Economics
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 132
(2
), p. 021003
.10.1115/1.40015734.
Fronk
, B. M.
, Neal
, R.
, and Garimella
, S.
, 2010
, “Evolution of the Transition to a World Driven by Renewable Energy
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 132
(2
), p. 021009
.10.1115/1.40015745.
Daneshfar
, J.
, Hughes
, R. G.
, and Civan
, F.
, 2009
. “Feasibility Investigation and Modelling Analysis of CO2 Sequestration in Arbuckle Formation Utilizing Salt Water Disposal Wells
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 131
, p. 023301
10.1115/1.3124115.6.
NETL
, 2010
, Carbon Sequestration Atlas of the United States and Canada
, Department of Energy
.7.
Cook
, P. J.
, 1999
, “Sustainability and Nonrenewable Resources
,” Environ. Geosci.
, 6
(4
), pp. 185
–190
.10.1046/j.1526-0984.1999.64004.x8.
Wyllie
, M. R.
, Gregory
, A. R.
, and Gardner
, L.
, 1956
, “Elastic Wave Velocities in Heterogeneous and Porous Media
,” Geophysics
21
(1
), pp. 41
–70
.10.1190/1.14382179.
Oldenburg
, C. M.
, 2003
, “Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Natural Gas Storage
,” Energy Fuels
17
, pp. 240
–246
.10.1021/ef020162b10.
Wang
, Z.
, Cates
, M. E.
, and Langa
, R.
, 1996
, “Seismic Monitoring of CO2 Flooding in a Carbonate Reservoir: Rock Physics Study
,” SEG Annual Meeting
, Denver, CO
, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.11.
Wang
, Z.
, and Nur
, A. M.
, 1989
, “Effects of CO2 Flooding on Wave Velocities in Rocks With Hydrocarbons
,” SPE Reservoir Eng.
, 4
(4
), pp. 429
–436
.10.2118/17345-PA12.
Nolet
, G.
, eds., 1987
, Seismic Tomography: With Applications in Global Seismology and Exploration Geophysics
, Springer
, New York
.13.
Westman
, E. C.
, Luxbacher
, K. D.
, and Swanson
, P.
, 2008
, “Local Earthquake Tomography for Imaging Mining-Induced Changes Within the Overburden above a Longwall Mine
,” 42nd U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium
, San Francisco, CA
, The American Rock Mechanics Association.14.
Zhang
, H.
, Sarkar
, S.
, Toksz
, M. N.
, Kuleli
, H. S.
, and Al-Kindy
, F.
, 2009
, “Passive Seismic Tomography Using Induced Seismicity at a Petroleum Field in Oman
,” Geophysics
, 74
, pp. 57
–69
.10.1190/1.325305915.
Zhang
, H.
, and Thurber
, C.
, 2003
, “User's manual for tomoDD1.1 (double-difference tomography) for Determining Event Locations and Velocity Structure from Local Earthquakes and Explosions
,” Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.16.
Arts
, R.
, Eiken
, O.
, Chadwick
, A.
, Zweigel
, P.
, Van der Meer
, L.
, and Zinszner
, B.
, 2004
, “Monitoring of CO2 Injected at Sleipner Using Time-Lapse Seismic Data
,” 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies
, Vol. 29
(9–10
), pp. 1383
–1392
.17.
White
, D.
, 2009
, “Monitoring CO2 Storage During EOR at the Weyburn-Midale Field
,” The Leading Edge
28
, pp. 838
–842
.10.1190/1.316778618.
Zhang
, H.
, and Thurber
, C. H.
, 2003
, “Double-Difference Tomography: The Method and Its Application to the Hayward Fault, California
,” Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am.
, 93
(5
), pp. 1875
–1889
.10.1785/012002019019.
Nogueira
, M.
, and Mamora
, D. D.
, 2008
, “Effect of Flue-Gas Impurities on the Process of Injection and Storage of CO2 in Depleted Gas Reservoirs
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol
, 130
, p. 013301
.10.1115/1.282517420.
Uddin
, M.
, Coombe
, D.
, and Wright
, F.
, 2008
, “Modeling of CO2-Hydrate Formation in Geological Reservoirs by Injection of CO2 Gas
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol
, 130
, p. 032502
.10.1115/1.295697921.
Raleigh
, C. B.
, Healy
, J. H.
, and Bredehoeft
, J.
, 1976
, “An Experiment in Earthquake Control at Rangely, Colorado
,” Science
191
, pp. 1230
–1237
.10.1126/science.191.4233.123022.
Yamashita
, T.
, 1999
, “Pore Creation Due to Fault Slip in a Fluid-Permeated Fault Zone and Its Effect on Seismicity: Generation Mechanism of Earthquake Swarm
,” Pure Appl. Geophys.
, 155
(2–4
), pp. 625
–647
.10.1007/s00024005028023.
Adams
, N. J.
, 1985
, Drilling Engineering: A Complete Well Planning Approach
, Pennwell Books
, Tulsa, OK
.24.
Augustine
, C.
, Tester
, J. W.
, Anderson
, B.
, Petty
, S.
, and Livesay
, B.
, 2006
, “A Comparison of Geothermal With Oil and Gas Well Drilling Costs
,” 31st Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering
, Stanford University
, Stanford, CA
.25.
Dijkstra
, E. W.
, 1959
, “A Note on Two Problems in Connexion With Graphs
,” Numer. Math.
, 1
, pp. 269
–271
.10.1007/BF0138639026.
Luxbacher
, K.
, Westman
, E.
, and Swanson
, P.
, 2007
, “Time-Lapse Tomography of a Longwall Panel: A Comparison of Location Schemes
,” 26th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining
, Morgantown
, WV
.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
