... direction. The measured performance curves are characterized by a hysteresis, since the throttle-closing performance curves do not correspond to the throttle-opening performance curves throughout the whole operating range. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to establish these throttle...

... and the blade Reynolds number vary, causing unsteady effects in the flow field. At low tip speed ratio, a deep dynamic stall occurs on blades, leading to large hysteresis lift and drag loops (primary effects). On the other hand, high tip speed ratio corresponds to attached boundary layers on blades (secondary...

.... Since no clear relationship has been established between them, we studied how the entrance shape affects R c . Thus, for the first time, a hysteresis graph can be drawn by connecting the two curves of R c 1 and R c 2 such that the two R c values lie on separate branches of the hysteresis plot. 25...

... electrowetting with very low hysteresis ( 2 - 4 deg ) is demonstrated on the Teflon®-coated surfaces. The actuation voltage for 30 deg contact angle change (from 148 deg to 118 deg ) is largely reduced to 25 V by using a high-dielectric-constant tantalum oxide film as the dielectric layer. The effect of trapped...

.... The predicted secondary flow pressure agrees reasonably well with the measurement for a small contraction angle of the mixing chamber. 15 03 2005 14 05 2006 supersonic flow nozzles aerodynamics annular injection supersonic ejector second-throat aerodynamic choking hysteresis...

... OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING . Manuscript received by the Fluids Engineering Division June 13, 2002; revised manuscript received October 21, 2002. Associate Editor: Y. Tsujimoto. 13 June 2002 21 October 2002 27 03 2003 turbines power conversion hysteresis Navier-Stokes equations flow...

.... The experiments were undertaken in a low-speed wind tunnel equipped with a moving ground. Load cells, pressure taps, and surface flow visualization were the techniques used to evaluate the flow field. The flow field is characterized by vortex flow and three-dimensional flow separation. A region of hysteresis...