We conducted experiments on the effect of dissolving three different salts sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate in water droplets boiling on a hot stainless steel surface. Substrate temperatures were varied from 90°C to 220°C. We photographed droplets as they evaporated, and recorded their evaporation time. At surface temperatures that were too low to initiate nucleate boiling all three salts were found to reduce droplet evaporation rates because they lower the vapor pressure of water. In the nucleate boiling regime, low concentrations (<0.1 mol/l) of and enhanced heat transfer because they prevented coalescence of vapor bubbles and produced foaming in the droplet, significantly reducing droplet lifetimes. Increasing the salt concentration further did not produce a corresponding increase in droplet boiling rate. Dissolved salts prevent bubble coalescence because they increase surface tension and stabilize the liquid film separating bubbles, and because electric charge that accumulates on the surfaces of bubbles produces a repulsive force, preventing them from approaching each other. and which have high ionic strengths, produced a large amount of foaming in droplets and increased their boiling rate significantly. NaCl, which has low ionic strength, had little effect on droplet boiling.
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Technical Papers
The Effect of Dissolving Salts in Water Sprays Used for Quenching a Hot Surface: Part 1—Boiling of Single Droplets
Qiang Cui,
Qiang Cui
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Sanjeev Chandra,
e-mail: chandra@mie.utoronto.ca
Sanjeev Chandra
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Susan McCahan
Susan McCahan
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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Qiang Cui
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
Sanjeev Chandra
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
e-mail: chandra@mie.utoronto.ca
Susan McCahan
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division for publication in the JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER. Manuscript received by the Heat Transfer Division February 27, 2002; revision received October 7, 2002. Associate Editor: D. B. R. Kenning.
J. Heat Transfer. Apr 2003, 125(2): 326-332 (7 pages)
Published Online: March 21, 2003
Article history
Received:
February 27, 2002
Revised:
October 7, 2002
Online:
March 21, 2003
Citation
Cui , Q., Chandra, S., and McCahan, S. (March 21, 2003). "The Effect of Dissolving Salts in Water Sprays Used for Quenching a Hot Surface: Part 1—Boiling of Single Droplets ." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. April 2003; 125(2): 326–332. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1532010
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