Abstract

A failure of rolling element bearings is a frequent cause of machine breakdowns and results in a production loss due to the sudden failure. A regular condition health monitoring and an associated detection of bearing defects in the early stages can be used to predict such sudden failures. To monitor the bearing's condition, the generated vibration signature can be analyzed, since rotating machines have, in most instances, a unique vibration signature that relates to their health status. Presently, bearing analysis of many machines results in significant cost and complexity due to a large amount of vibration data that must be analyzed. A condition health monitoring system (CMS) was developed to automate and simplify the whole process from the vibration measurement to the analysis results. Additionally, the CMS is embedded into an Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. Thereby, a location-independent control of the CMS, the vibration data, and the analysis results is possible. The embedding of sensors can cause communication problems from the sensor to the cloud due to the low bandwidth of sensors and the amount of data that must be transmitted. To overcome this issue, an edge device that acts as a gateway between the vibration sensor and the cloud is the core of the CMS. It measures the vibration signal locally, analyzes it automatically, and publishes a feedback as to the bearing condition to the cloud.

References

1.
Azeez
,
N. I.
, and
Alex
,
A. C.
,
2014
, “
Detection of Rolling Element Bearing Defects by Vibration Signature Analysis: A Review
,”
Annual International Conference on Emerging Research Areas: Magnetics, Machines and Drives (AICERA/iCMMD)
,
Kottayam, India
,
July 24–26
.
2.
Randall
,
R. B.
,
2011
,
Vibration-Based Condition Monitoring: Industrial, Aerospace, and Automotive Applications
,
John Wiley and Sons
,
Chichester
.
3.
Maruthi
,
G. S.
, and
Hegde
,
V.
,
2016
, “
Application of Mems Accelerometer for Detection and Diagnosis of Multiple Faults in the Roller Element Bearings of Three Phase Induction Motor
,”
IEEE Sens. J.
,
16
(
1
), pp.
145
152
. 10.1109/JSEN.2015.2476561
4.
Kıral
,
Z.
, and
Karagülle
,
H.
,
2006
, “
Vibration Analysis of Rolling Element Bearings With Various Defects Under the Action of an Unbalanced Force
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
20
(
8
), pp.
1967
1991
. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2005.05.001
5.
Firla
,
M.
,
Li
,
Z.-Y.
,
Martin
,
N.
,
Pachaud
,
C.
, and
Barszcz
,
T.
,
2016
, “
Automatic Characteristic Frequency Association and All-Sideband Demodulation for the Detection of a Bearing Fault
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
80
, pp.
335
348
. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.04.036
6.
Tandon
,
N.
, and
Choudhury
,
A.
,
1999
, “
A Review of Vibration and Acoustic Measurement Methods for the Detection of Defects in Rolling Element Bearings
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
32
(
8
), pp.
469
480
. 10.1016/S0301- 679X(99)00077-8
7.
Carden
,
E. P.
, and
Fanning
,
P.
,
2016
, “
Vibration Based Condition Monitoring: A Review
,”
Struct. Health Monit.: Int. J.
,
3
(
4
), pp.
355
377
. 10.1177/1475921704047500
8.
Mathew
,
J.
, and
Alfredson
,
R. J.
,
1984
, “
The Condition Monitoring of Rolling Element Bearings Using Vibration Analysis
,”
J. Vib. Acoust. Stress Reliab. Des.
,
106
(
3
), p.
447
. 10.1115/1.3269216
9.
Jayaswal
,
P.
,
Wadhwani
,
A. K.
, and
Mulchandani
,
K. B.
,
2008
, “
Machine Fault Signature Analysis
,”
Int. J. Rotat. Mach.
,
2008
(
2
), pp.
1
10
. 10.1155/2008/583982
10.
Nikolaou
,
N. G.
, and
Antoniadis
,
I. A.
,
2002
, “
Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Wavelet Packets
,”
NDT E Int.
,
35
(
3
), pp.
197
205
. 10.1016/S0963- 8695(01)00044-5
11.
Blough
,
J. R.
,
2003
, “
Development and Analysis of Time Variant Discrete Fourier Transform Order Tracking
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
17
(
6
), pp.
1185
1199
. 10.1006/mssp.2002.1500
12.
Al-Badour
,
F.
,
Sunar
,
M.
, and
Cheded
,
L.
,
2011
, “
Vibration Analysis of Rotating Machinery Using Time–Frequency Analysis and Wavelet Techniques
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
25
(
6
), pp.
2083
2101
. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.01.017
13.
Seryasat
,
O. R.
,
Aliyari Shoorehdeli
,
M.
,
Honarvar
,
F.
, and
Rahmani
,
A.
,
2010
, “
Multi-fault Diagnosis of Ball Bearing Using FFT, Wavelet Energy Entropy Mean and Root Mean Square (RMS)
,”
2010 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
,
Istanbul, Turkey
,
Oct. 10–13
.
14.
Tandon
,
N.
,
1994
, “
A Comparison of Some Vibration Parameters for the Condition Monitoring of Rolling Element Bearings
,”
Measurement
,
12
(
3
), pp.
285
289
. 10.1016/0263- 2241(94)90033-7
15.
Kiral
,
Z.
, and
Karagülle
,
H.
,
2003
, “
Simulation and Analysis of Vibration Signals Generated by Rolling Element Bearing With Defects
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
36
(
9
), pp.
667
678
. 10.1016/S0301- 679X(03)00010-0
16.
Simon
,
L. M.
, ed.,
2011
,
Fault Detection: Theory, Methods and Systems
(
Engineering Tools, Techniques and Tables
),
Nova Science Publishers
,
New York
.
17.
Sreejith
,
B.
,
Verma
,
A. K.
, and
Srividya
,
A.
,
2008
, “
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearing Using Time-Domain Features and Neural Networks
,”
2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems
,
Kharagpur, India
,
Dec. 8–10
.
18.
Tian
,
X.
,
Xi Gu
,
J.
,
Rehab
,
I.
,
Abdalla
,
G. M.
,
Gu
,
F.
, and
Ball
,
A. D.
,
2018
, “
A Robust Detector for Rolling Element Bearing Condition Monitoring Based on the Modulation Signal Bispectrum and Its Performance Evaluation Against the Kurtogram
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
100
, pp.
167
187
. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2017.07.037
19.
Igarashi
,
T.
, and
Hamada
,
H.
,
1982
, “
Studies on the Vibration and Sound of Defective Rolling Bearings: First Report : Vibration of Ball Bearings With One Defect
,”
Bull. JSME
,
25
(
204
), pp.
994
1001
. 10.1299/jsme1958.25.994
20.
Harris
,
T. A.
,
2001
,
Rolling Bearing Analysis
, 4th ed.,
Wiley
,
New York
.
21.
Dolenc
,
B.
,
Boškoski
,
P.
, and
Juričić
,
D.
,
2016
, “
Distributed Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Vibration Analysis
,”
Mech. Syst. Signal Process.
,
66–67
, pp.
521
532
. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2015.06.007
22.
Cerna
,
M.
, and
Harvey
,
A. F.
,
1993
, “
The Fundamentals of FFT-Based Signal Analysis and Measurement
,”
National Instruments
, Application Note 41.
23.
Chen
,
K. F.
, and
Li
,
Y. F.
,
2008
, “
Combining the Hanning Windowed Interpolated FFT in Both Directions
,”
Comput. Phys. Commun.
,
178
(
12
), pp.
924
928
. 10.1016/j.cpc.2008.02.008
24.
Austerlitz
,
H.
, ed.,
2003
,
Data Acquisition Techniques Using PCs
, 2nd ed.,
Academic Press
,
Amsterdam
.
25.
Brandt
,
A.
, and
Ahlin
,
K.
,
2010
, “
Sampling and Time-Domain Analysis
,”
Sound Vib.
,
44
(
5
), pp.
13
17
.
You do not currently have access to this content.