... of the patient’s cranium is reconstructed. A genetic algorithm calculates optimal positions of the marker in order to minimize the target registration error. The fiducial set is shown to the surgeons on the 3D model to help him/her in placement of them. External target case is studied. ( a ) Unoptimized...

... injection, with minimal physiologic disturbance. The design of this device is determined by a morphological optimization process, which searches a discrete mechanical design parameter space, consisting of linkage parts, part dimensions, and actuator types, using genetic algorithms. The execution of specific...

... geometrical shape, wire cross section, end support type and position, activation direction, and magnitude and that can be applied to symmetric and unsymmetrical boundary conditions of the spring; (2) to use the multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method to find the best design parameter set...

... by searching the mechanical design parameter space, which consists of part dimensions and linkage types, using genetic algorithms. The execution of specific surgical maneuvers is simulated for each candidate morphology until the fitness metric is maximized. Final simulations of the optimized device morphology...

... moving parts such as gears and hinges, and hence avoids problems in operation like friction, backlash, lubrication, leakage, and sterilization. In this paper, a mathematical model of the PFA is derived, based on which genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimize the grasping force-deflection...